Ellis-van Creveld syndrome: This is a manifestation in the Amish community of what is known as the “founder effect.” When a population is reduced to a very small size because of some environmental changes or because of migration, the genes of the “founders” of the resulting population are represented disproportionately.

suffragist and botanist Lydia Becker: Lydia Ernestine Becker (1827–90) published the Women’s Suffrage Journal between 1870 and 1890. The citation on Darwin is from her address, as president of the Manchester Ladies’ Literary Society, on January 30, 1867. It was published in Becker 1869. It is also described in Blackburn 1902, part 2.

Chapter 3: Yea, All Which It Inherit, Shall Dissolve

confessed candidly in The Origin: Darwin 2009, p. 13.

In this “paint-pot theory”: This phrase was first used by Hardin 1959, p. 107.