Ruth B. Shipley, head of the Passport: The entire episode is described in detail in Hager 1995, pp. 400–407. The general anticommunist atmosphere at the time is hauntingly depicted, eg, in Coute 1978.

he immediately sent a letter to President: Pauling wrote to Harry Truman on February 29, 1952.

Pauling’s passport trials and tribulations: The New York Times ran a few stories and later discussed the whole passport system in relation to Pauling’s problems on May 19, 1952, in an article entitled “Dr. Pauling’s Predicament.” The Washington Post wrote on May 13, 1952, “Pauling, Noted Chemist, Refused Passport,” and Chicago’s Daily Sun-Times ran on May 14, 1952, an article entitled “America’s Own Iron Curtain.”

in the words of biologist Alex Rich: Interview with the author on November 15, 2010.

in that paper, published in 1950: Chargaff 1950, and also Chargaff, Zamenhof, and Green 1950.