362 Maspero, Sir Gaston, 170 Massignon, Louis, 258, 262, 278, 291, 296, 335, 346, 347; Christian compassion in, 271; combines scholarship and sPiritual intuition, 265, 266, 280, 283; on el-Hallaj, 104, 209, 246, 264,268-9, 272; influence of, 274; joins scholarship with commitment to “vitat forces,” 265, 267; and national tradition, 263-4,266, 271; outsider, 275; political role of, 210, 267; structure and ideas of, 268-70; as stylist, 266, 267, 284; unoithodox view of Islam, 246, 267, 268, 272; weakness of, 271-2 Massis, Henri, 250 Masson-Oursel, P., 210, 343 Matter of Araby in Medieval Engtand, The (Metlitzki), 16, 329 Maugham, W. Somerset, 190 Mauss, Marcél, 266 Macca, 74, 51, 171, 195, 196, 239 Melville, Herman, 192, 290 Mencius on the Mind (Richards), 254, 346 Merton, Robert K., 322, 350 MESA Bulletin, 288, 348 Mesopotamia, 99, 220, 225 Metlitzki, Dorothee, 16, 329 Metternich, Prince Clemens l-othar Wenzel, 294 Michaelis, Johann David, 17 Michel, P. Charles, 233 Michelet, Jules, 73, 95, 114, 134, 137-8, 147 Middle Ages, 59, 61-2, 63, 70, 287 Middle East: see Near Oriest Middle East Institute, 291, 295 Middle East Studies Association (MESA), 288, 295 “Middle Eastern and North African Studies” (Berger), 288, 348 Middlemarch (Eliot), 18-£9, 329, 344 Mill, James, 214 Mitl, John Stuart, 14, 214, 228 MiBers Alfred, Ist Viscount Milner, 1 Milton, John, 63 Mimesis (Auerbach), 258-9, 346 “Minute” (Macaulay), !52, 340 Modern Egypt (Cromer), 38, 212. 330,343 Modern Islam (von Grunebaum), 348 Modern Trends in Islam (Gibb), LI, 105-6, 280, 281-2, 335, 347 Mohammed, 59, 60, 62, 65-6, 68-9, Index 71, 72. 74, 82, 104, 120, 151-2, 209, 236, 268, 280, 287-8, 302 Mohammedanism (Gibb), 280, 347 Mohl, Jules, 51-2, 285, 339 Mongols, (65, 301,331 Montesquieu, Baron de la Bréde et de, } 19, 133 Moore, Thomas, 118 Morazé, Charles, 113 Morier, James Justinian, 193 Morse, Samuel F., 294 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 118 Mugniery, Leon, 311 Muhammedanisches Recht (Sachau), 255 Muir, Sir William, 99, 151, 224 Miller, Friedrich Max, 18, 246, 252, 338-9 Muslims: see Arabs, Islam Napoleon I, 17, 52, t24, 169, 179, 217; and birth of madern Orientalism, 87; Orientalist and textual impetus of, 80-2, 83, 84, 94-5, 170; significance of Egyptian invasion, 22,42—3, 76, 79, 80-8, 89, 122, 126, 137, 44, 156, 168, 171; sympathetic identification with Orient, 82, {38,333 Napoleon III, 293 Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 91 Near East: see Near Orient Near East and the Great Powers, The (ed. Frye), 275, 347, 348 Near Eastern Studies (Princeton), 288 Near Orient: American policy and, 2, 26-7, 294-5, 321, 322-4; ArabIsraeli relations in, 26-7, 107, 270, 286, 287, 306-8, 318-19; chief Anglo-French encounter with Orient, 17, 26, 41, 99-100, 201, 220; Christian primacy of, 58. 74, 170, 260; connection to AngloFrench interest in Far East, 17, 192; contemporary scholarship on, 288-93, 296-305, 307-21, 349, 350; French colonial ambition in, 81, 137, 220-1, 224-5; reductive categories for, 239, 296-9; Smith on, 234-6; stereotyped contemporary view of, 26-7, 262, 285-8, 300-5, 306-21; in Third World, 46, 304; travelers to West from, 204. See also Arabs, Egypt, Islam Nerval, Gérard de,