366 Sacy--continued stitutional Orientalist, 18, 83, 127, 129, 130; fragments, theory of. 128-9, 130, 142, 147, 151, 283-4, and generalization of Orient, 125, 126, 149-50; Tinks scholarship and public policy, 124, 223; and modern Orientalist structures, 122, 130, 176, 197; on “museum,” 165— 166; as pedagogue, 18, 83, 123-8, 129, 284; rationality in, 125, 129; as translator, 124, 126, 127 Said, Edward W., 329, 342 Saint-Simon, Comte de, 114 Sakuntala (Kalidasa), 98 Saladin, 69, 101, 267 Salammbé (Flaubcrt), 11, 184, 185, 186, 187, 342 Sale, George, 63, 64, 117, 168 Salisbury, Lord: see Cecil Sanskrit, 17, 42, 51, 75, 78-9, 96, 98, 120, 136-7, 139, 149,248, 294 Saracens, 60, 61, 74, 101 Sassanids, 18, 125 Saud, house of, 246 Saudi Arabia, 323 Saulcy, Louis-Félicien-Joscph dc, 170 Saussure, Leopold de, 207 Scaliger, Joseph Justus, 65 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von, 147, 150 Schlegel. Friedrich, 19, 23, 51, 98, 115, 137, 150, 268, 277, 334, 339 scholarship, Orientalist: becomes instrumental attitude, 238-9, 246, 253-4, 285, 290, 321; Burton's victory over, 194, 196, 197; codification of, 77-9, 127, 189; and comparative attitude, 149-50; connections to interwar humanistic stucties, 258-9, 260, 261, 262; cumulative identity of, 123, 165-6, 169, 202, 210, 221-2: and debased “object” of study, 96-7, 228-9, 233-4, 319; dissemination of, 164-— 165, 190-1, 221, focus on classical Periods, 52, 79, 80, 92, 204, 232, 233, 300; fosters colonialism, 39, 41, 80-1, 86-7, 94-6, 100, 210, 223; geographical denomination of, 50, 322; hermeneutical relation to Orient, 222, 255; and individualistic agents of empire, 194-7, 224, 237-8; institutional programs of, 164-5, 191; latent assumptions of, 205-10; lexicography of, 15, 65, 121, 155, 156, 163, 164, 166, 203, mirror image in, 209; as mock 88, 181, Index Participation in Orient, 160-1, 163; and Napoleonic invasion ‘of Egypt. 80-7, 94; “original” categories of, 232-4, 237; otthodox summa of, 302-5, 350; philology and race in, 98-9, 133-4, 141-2, 145-6, 148, 149-50, 206-7, 231234; role in postcolonial world, 275-6, 325-8; scope of, 49-52, 86-7, 92, 98, 117, 35-7, 365, 191, 204, 210; social-cultural constraints upon, 20t—2; “truth” in, 203-4, 272, 320; unity in, 210; vocabulary of power and acquisition in, {27, 160. See also discourse; expertise, Orientalist; Orientalism; philology School of Athens, The (Raphael), 69 Schopenhauer, Arthur, 115, 131 Schwab, Raymond, 16, 18, 51, 76-7, 115, 137,252, 329, 331, 333,338, 339 Scott, Sir Walter, 43, 60, 99, 101-2, 187, 169, 192,267,334 SEATO, [08 Ségalen, Victor, 252 Self-Determination and History in the Third World (Gordon), 298, 348 Semites, 133, 140, 241; and Aryan myth, 99, 268; bifurcate into Oriental and Orientalist, 286, 307; Doughty on, 238; present and origin seen together in, 234--6, 237; as reductive, transindividual type, 230-4, 239, 240, 270, 289, 306; Renan on, 141-2, 145, 149, 234, 243, 289, 337; represented to Western audience, 293; retrogressive position of study of, 261-2; Smith's demythologizing of, 235. See also anti-Semitism, Arabs, Islam, Jews Semitic languages. 43,51, 74, 75, 88, 98, 133, 136, 139-43, 145-6, 149, 231-2,235, 262, 265, 268, 294 Senart, Emile, 250 Seven Pillars of Wisdom, The (Lawrence), 238-9, 345 Shafter, E. S., 18, 329 Shahid, Erfan, 302 Shakespeare, William, 31, 63, 71 Shiites, 265, 303 Shouby, E., 320 Sicily, 59. 75, 304 Silvestre de Sacy, ses contemporains et ses disciples (Dehérain), 333, 336 Simar, ‘Théophile, 339

Index “Sir Hamilton Gibb Between Orientalism and History" (Polk), 274275, 347 Smith, William Robertson, 234-6, 238, 270,277, 344-5 Social Evolution (Kidd), 233 Social Science Research Council, 288 social sciences, 325; and tradition of authority over Orient, t9, 48-9, 108, 109, 284, 288-93, 296, 321; Europocentrism of, 97; interdisciplinary with Orientalism, 107, 305; on Near East, 288-93; “types” in, 259-60 Société académique indo-chinoise, 218 Société asiatique, 43, 51, 99, 124, 165, 220, 248 Société de géographie de Paris, 217— 218 Soemmerring, Samuel Thomas von, 119 Solimans, pre-Adamite, 64 Solon, 84, 85 Sorbonne, 134 Southern, R. W., 55, 61-2, 331, 332 Souvenirs d’enfance et de jeunesse (Renan), 337, 338 Soviet Union, 9, 10-11, 104,291, 292. See also Russia space, 54-5, 167, 210-13, 219, 234 Spain, 1, 17, 59, 74,82,93, 304, 315 Spengler, Oswald, 208 Spitzer, Leo, 258 Stanhope, Lady Hester Lucy, 177, 246 Steinthal, Heymann, 18, 99 Stendhal, 171 Stevens, Wallace, 5 Stokes, Eric, 2/4, 343 Storrs, Ronald, 197, 237, 246 “Structure of Religious Thought in Islam, The” (Gibb), 283, 345 Struggle for Existence in Human Society, The (Huxley), 233 Suez Canal, 88-91, 95, 193, 194, 220 Sufi mysticism, 246, 266, 269, 272 Sumer, 120 Sunna, 246, 268 Surat, 76, 77 Swettenham, Sir Alexander, 213 Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 180 Sykes, Sir Mark, 220-1, 225, 237 Syria, 17, 19, 23, 59, 76,99, 109, 194, 217, 220, 223, 224-5, 278 Syrie, La (de Caix), 344 Systéme comparé et histoire genérale des langues sémitiques (Renan), 88 367 Tableau historique de l'érudition fran¢aise, 126-7,336 “Tale of the Caliph Hakim” (Nerval), 183 “Tale of the Queen of the Morning, The" (Nerval), 183 Talisman, The (Scott),