From Muhammad the Messenger of Allâh to Negus, king of Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
Peace be upon him who follows true guidance. Salutations, I entertain Allâh’s praise, there is no god  but He, the Sovereign, the Holy, the Source of peace, the Giver of peace, the Guardian of faith, the
Preserver of safety. I bear witness that Jesus, the son of Mary, is the spirit of Allâh and His Word  which
He cast into Mary, the virgin, the good, the pure, so that she conceived Jesus. Allâh created him from
His spirit and His breathing as He created Adam by His Hand. I call you to Allâh Alone with no  associate  and to His obedience and to follow me and to believe in that which came to me, for I am the
Messenger  of Allâh. I invite you and your men to Allâh, the Glorious, the All-Mighty. I hereby bear witness that I  have communicated my message and advice. I invite you to listen and accept my advice. Peace be  upon him who follows true guidance.”
The text of this letter is doubtlessly authentic, but to maintain that it was written after Al-Hudaibiyah  event is still a question lacking in definite evidence.
When ‘Amr bin Omaiyah Ad-Damari communicated the Apostolic letter to Negus, the latter took the  parchment and placed it on his eye, descended to the floor, confessed his faith in Islam and wrote the  following reply to the Prophet (Peace be upon him).
“In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
From Negus Ashama to Muhammad, the Messenger of Allâh. Peace be upon you, O Messenger of
Allâh!  and mercy and blessing from Allâh beside Whom there is no god. I have received your letter in which  you have mentioned about Jesus and by the Lord of heaven and earth, Jesus is not more than what  you  say. We fully acknowledge that with which you have been sent to us and we have entertained your  cousin and his companions. I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allâh, true and confirming
(those who have gone before you), I pledge to you through your cousin and surrender myself through  him to the Lord of the worlds.”
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) had asked Negus to send Ja‘far and his companions, the emigrants  to
Abyssinia (Ethiopia), back home. They came back to see the Prophet (Peace be upon him) in Khaibar.
Negus later died in Rajab 9 A.H. shortly after Tabuk Ghazwa. The Prophet (Peace be upon him)  announced his death and observed prayer in absentia for him. Another king succeeded Negus to the  throne and another letter was sent to him by the Prophet (Peace be upon him) but whether or not he  embraced Islam is still a question not answered yet.
2.Letter to the Vicegerent of Egypt, called Muqawqas:
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) wrote to Juraij bin Matta, called Muqawqas, vicegerent of Egypt and
Alexandria saying:
“In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
From Muhammad slave of Allâh and His Messenger to Muqawqas, vicegerent of Egypt.
Peace be upon him who follows true guidance. Thereafter, I invite you to accept Islam. Therefore, if  you  want security, accept Islam. If you accept Islam, Allâh, the Sublime, shall reward you doubly. But if  you  refuse to do so, you will bear the burden of the transgression of all the Copts.
“Say O Muhammad (Peace be upon him): ‘O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians),  come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allâh, and that we  associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allâh.’
Then, if they turn away, say: ‘Bear witness that we are Muslims.’ ” 3:64
Hatib bin Abi Balta‘a, who was chosen to communicate the message, requested an audience with
Muqawqas before imparting the contents of the letter. He addressed Egypt’s vicegerent saying: “There  used to be someone before you who had arrogated the status of the Supreme Lord, so Allâh puhim  and  made an example of him in the Hereafter, and in this life; therefore, take warning and never set a bad  example to others.” Muqawqas answered: “We are in no position to relinquish our religion except for a  better one.” Hatib resumed: “We invite you to embrace Islam, which will suffice you all what you may  lose. Our Prophet has called people to profess this Faith, Quraish and the Jews stood against him as  bitter enemies, whereas Christians stood closest to his Call. Upon my life, Moses’s news about Christ is  identical to the latter’s good tidings about the advent of Muhammad; likewise, this invitation of ours to