two  men had already preceded us to it. The Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him) asked them: ‘Have  you  touched its water?’ They replied: ‘Yes’. He said what Allâh inspired him to say, then he scooped up  little  water of that spring, thin stream which gathered together, he washed his face and hand with it and  poured it back into it; consequently plenty of water spouted out of it so people watered. ‘Mu‘adh’, said  the Messenger of Allâh, ‘if you were doomed to live long life you will see in here fields full of  vegetation.’
On the way to Tabuk, or as soon as they reached Tabuk, the Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him)  said: ‘Severe wind will blow tonight, so none of you should stand up. Whoever has a camel should tie  it  up.’ Later on when the strong wind blew, one of the men stood up and the wind carried him away to
Tai’ Mountain.
All the way long the Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him) was intent on the performance of the  combined prayer of noon and the afternoon; and so did he with sunset and evening prayers. His  prayers for both were either pre-time or post-time prayers.
The Army of Islam at Tabuk:
Arriving at Tabuk and camping there, the Muslim army was ready to face the enemy. There, the
Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him) delivered an eloquent speech that included the most inclusive  words. In that speech he urged the Muslims to seek the welfare of this world and the world to come.
He  warned and cherished them and gave them good tidings. By doing that he cherished those who were  broken in spirits, and blocked up the gap of shortage and mess they were suffering from due to lack of  supplies, food and other substances.
Upon learning of the Muslims’ march, the Byzantines and their allies were so terrified that none of  them  dared set out to fight. On the contrary they scattered inside their territory. It brought, in itself, a good  credit to the Muslim forces. That had gained military reputation in the mid and remote lands of
Arabian
Peninsula. The great and serious political profits that the Muslim forces had obtained, were far better  than the ones they could have acquired if the two armies had been engaged in military confrontation.
The Head of Ailah, Yahna bin Rawbah came to the Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him), made  peace with him and paid him the tribute (Al-Jizya). Both of Jarba’ and Adhruh peoples paid him  tribute,  as well. So the Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him) gave each a guarantee letter, similar to
Yahna’s, in which he says:
“In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
This is a guarantee of protection from Allâh and Muhammad the Prophet, the Messenger of Allâh,  to Yahna bin Rawbah and the people of Ailah; their ships, their caravans on land and sea shall  have the custody of Allâh and the Prophet Muhammad, he and whosoever are with him of Ash-
Sham people and those of the sea. Whosoever contravenes this treaty, his wealth shall not save  him; it shall be the fair prize of him that takes it. Now it should not be lawful to hinder the men  from any springs which they have been in the habit of frequenting, nor from any journeys they  desire to make, whether by sea or by land.”
The Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him) dispatched Khalid bin Al-Waleed at the head of four  hundred and fifty horsemen to ‘Ukaidir Dumat Al-Jandal and said to him: “You will see him hunting  oryxes.” So when Khalid drew near his castle and was as far as an eye-sight range, he saw the oryxes  coming out rubbing their horns against the castle gate. As it was a moony night Khalid could see
Ukaidir come out to hunt them, so he captured him — though he was surrounded by his men — and  brought him back to the Messenger of Allâh (peace be upon him), who spared his life and made peace  with him for the payment of two thousand camels, eight hundred heads of cattle, four hundred  armours  and four hundred lances. He obliged him to recognize the duty of paying tribute and charged him with  cit from Dumat, Tabuk, Ailah and Taima’.
The tribes, who used to ally the Byzantines, became quite certain that their dependence oinn their  former masters came to an end. Therefore they turned into being pro-Muslims. The Islamic state had  therefore enlarged its borders to an extent that it, touched the Byzantines’ and their agents’ borders.
So we see that the Byzantine agents role was over.