360 Index John of Segovia, 61, 120 Johnson, Samuel, 77, 119 Jones, Sir William, 8, 18,22, 51, 75, 77~9, 98, 117, 122, 135, 156, 168, 169,215 Jouffroy, Théodore, 347 Journal intime (Constant), 137 Judas, Auguste, 170 Jung, Carl Gustav, 267 Kant, Immanuel, 119, 132 Khadduri, Majid, 48 khawals, 186 Kidd, Benjamin, 233 Kierkegaard, Soren, 267 Kiernan, V. G., 52, 330, 331 Kim (Kipling), 226 Kinglake, Alexander William, 99, 157,169, 193-4, 342 Kipling, Rudyard, 45, 224, 226-7, 228, 344 Kissinger, Henry A., 46-8, 300, 331 Kitchener, Horatio Herbert, Lord, 238 Kléber, Jean-Baptiste, 82 Knox, Robert, 206 Koenig Report, 306 Koran, 60, 63, 65, 69, 82, 96, 117, £51, 152, 160, 171, 236,288,301! Kroeber, A. L., 298 “Kubla Khan and the F ail of Jerusalem’ (Shaffer), 18, 329 Kuchuk Hanem, 6, 186-7, 188, 207 Kuhn, Thomas, 275 Kuwait, 323 La Ronciére Le Noury, Baron Camille de, 219 Lacoste, Yves, 266, 350 Lamartine, Alphonse de, 19, 23, 81, 88,99, 111, 170, 176, 177-81, 191, 193, 216, 231, 244, 286, 341 Lamennais, Félicité-Robert de, [14 Land of Midian Revisited, T he (Burton), 194 residence, 158, 161, 170-1, 173, 175, 176, 179, 222, 239; imitates Orient, 160-1, !63; importance of detail in style, 15, 161-2, 164, 175; and modern Orientalist structures, {22, 197,231: narrative structure of, 161, 162-4,175, 239, 240, 283; proprietary attitude in, 211, 233; self-excision of , 163-4, 168, 170-1; timeless authority of, 161, 163-4; translates Arabian Nights, 164, 176; use by imaginativewriters, 23, 168, 181, 183, 184, 186 language: discovered as human phenomenon, 135-6, 338; Nietzsche on, 203; origins of, 135-8, 23-2; Renan on, 138; as representation, 21, 272; science and, 140. See also philology languages, Oriental: AnquetilDupetron's achievement in, 5}, 76-7; Biblical, 51, 128, 135-6; and contemporary expertise, 291, 292, 314-15, 320-1; differences contribute to Orientalist types, 231-3, 237: identified with Semitic, 75, 139; impetus to Orientalism, 22,42,43, 49-50, 51, 52, 64, 7677, 92, 98, 121, 135-6, 310; Jones and, 51, 75, 77-9; and manifest Orientalism, 206; Oricntalist ideology applied to, 320, 321; reconstruction of, and colonialism, 12, 92, 123; Renan and, 43, 88, 133, 136, 139-43, 145, 149, 231; spiritual use to Europe, 49-50, 115, 122, 256~7, 331; study of as instrument of propaganda, 292-3, 332; in Western curricula, 49~50, 53,96, 107, 165-6, 292, 324, 331; Western “laboratory” for, 139, 140, 14!-3, 145-6. See also spccific languages and language families Lane, Edward William, 8, 19, 51.99, Laroui, Abdullah, 297-8, 348 111,169, 174, 190,224,246,286, Lasswell, Harold, 107, 292-3, 335, 341, 349; and assumptions of 348 latent Orientalism, 206, 223; and latent Orientalism: “classical emcitationary growth of Orientalism, 176-7; contrasted with Burton, 158, 159, 170-1, 194; contrasted with Sacy and Renan, 193; disengagement from Egyptian life, 163£64, 168. 170. £73, 188, 233, 240, 242, 246; edits Orient for European sensibility, 166-7, 207; and English priority, 18, 88; exemplifies scientific purpose of Oriental phasis of, 222; constancy of, 206, 208; converges with manifest Orientalism, 222-4; elaborated tn imperial agents, 224; of five Islamic scholars, 209-10: and imperialism, 221-4; racist assumptions of , 206— 207; rooted in geography, 216; sexist assumptions of, 207-8 Lawrence, T. E., 99, 237, 245, 246, 270, 277, 319, 345, 347; colonial

Index 361 authority with Hashimites, 246, contrasted with Burton, 195; definition and vision in narrative of, 228-9, 239, 240, 247; imperial agent, 196, 224, 225, 238, 240-3, 246; Orientalism as sensational revelation in, 284; personal vision of, 241, 242-3, 248; and primitive clarity of the Arab, 229-31; reverse pilgrimage of, 170-1; struggle to arouse Orient, 241-2 Layard, Austen, 195 Le Bon, Gustave, 207 Le Mascrier, Abbé, 84 Le Strange, Guy, 224 Lebanon, 1}, 109, 177, 182, 191, 192, 321 Leconte, Casimir, 90 Legacy of Islam, T he (193), ed, Artnold and Guillaume), 256, 346 Legrain, Georges, 170 Letbnitz, Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von, 124, 125 Leopardi, Conte Giacomo, 131 Lepanto, battle of, 74 Lepic, Ludovic, 170 Lerner, Daniel, 311, 335, 349 Leroy-Beaulieu, Paul, 219 Lesseps, Ferdinand-Marie de, 88-92, 94-5, 148, 218, 219, 220, 334 Lesseps, Mathieu de, 89 Lettres d’Egypte, de Gustave Flaubert, Les (ed. Naaman), 342 Lévi, Sylvain, 248-9, 250, 264, 266, 346 Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 53, 296, 331 Levin, Harry, 184,342 Lewis, Bernard, 105, 107, 315-21, 332, 335, 336, 343, 349, 350 Libya, 324 * Life of Mahomet (Muir), 151 Linnaeus, Carolus, 119 “Literature” (Gibb), 256 literature, imaginative: contrasted with professional Orientalism, 157—8, 168-9, 170-1, 181, 183, 189, 192; Engtish Orientalist contrasted with French, 192-3; and Oriental residence, 157—8; Orientalist genre of, 2-3, 8, 18, 21, 22, 26,40, 43, 52-3, 60, 88, 99, 100102, 257-8, 167-9, 170-6, 177190, 192-4, 224, 256, 267, 284; and pilgrimage to Orient, 168-9, 170, 171-5, 177-90, 192-3; political bearing on, 9-11, 14-15, 24, 169; social-cultural constraints upon, 43, 169, 201-2, See also individual writers Locke, John, 13 Lois psychologiques de l'évolution des peuptes, Les (Le Bon}, 207 London University School of Oriental and African Studies, 234 Long Revolution, The (Williams), 14, 329 Lorrain, Claude, 178 Loti, Pierre, 99, 252 Louis Lambert (Balzac), 131, 337 Louis-Philippe, 294 Louys, Pierre, 208 Lowth, Robert, 17 Lugard, Frederick Dealtry, Ist Baron Lugard, 213 “Lui” (Hugo), 82-3 Lukacs, Georg, 259 “Lustful Turk, The,” 8 Luther, Martin, 61, 71 Lyall, Sir Alfred Comyn, 38, 47, 15t Lyall, Sir Charles James, 224 Lycurgus, 85 * Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 14, 152, 196, 340 Macdonald, Duncan Black, 105, 106, 209, 210, 247, 248, 276-8, 280, 283, 332, 347 Maeterlinck, Maurice, 250 MagicFlute, The (Mozart), 118 Mahdism, 281 Mahomet (Vottaire), 333 “Mahometgesang” (Goethe}, 100 Mallarmé, Stéphane, 267 Malraux, André, 248 Mamelukes, 82 Mandeville, Sir John, 31, 58 manifest Orientalism, 206, 209; converges with latent Orientatism, 222-4 Manifesto (Napoleon), 124 Mannheim, Karl, 259 Mans, Raphael du, 65 Manu, 78, 120 Magqamat (a)-Harirt), 126 Marcus, Steven, 8, 329 Marcus Aurelius, 147 Margoltouth, David Samuel, 224 Mariette, Auguste-Edouard, 170 Marigny, Francois Augier de, 80 Maritain, Jacques and Raissa, 266 Marlowe, Christopher, 63 Mariowe, John, 89, 330, 334 Maronites, 191, 220, 278, 303 Marrakech,251 Marx, Kar}, 3, 14, 16, 21, 32, 97, 102, 153-6, 157, 206, 231, 293, 325, 340 Marxism, 13, 43, 305,325