وفاة آمنة وما جاء في استغفار النبي لها بعد موتها
The Death of Aminah and the Story of Prophet Muhammad shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam Seeking Forgiveness for Her after Her Death
Translated by: Reza Ervani bin Asmanu
This article about the death of Aminah, the mother of the Prophet, is part of the Life of Prophet Muhammad category
قال ابن إسحاق بعد ذكر رجوعه عليه الصلاة والسلام ، إلى أمه آمنة بعد رضاعة حليمة له : فكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، مع أمه آمنة بنت وهب وجده عبد المطلب في كلاءة الله وحفظه ، ينبته الله نباتا حسنا لما يريد به من كرامته فلما بلغ ست سنين توفيت أمه آمنة بنت وهب .
Ibn Ishaq, after mentioning the Prophet’s return to his mother Aminah following his nursing with Halimah, said: The Messenger of Allah shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam grew up with his mother, Aminah bint Wahb, and his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, under the protection and care of Allah. Allah nurtured him in the best way, preparing him for the honor He intended for him. But when he was six years old, his mother, Aminah bint Wahb, passed away.
قال ابن إسحاق حدثني عبد الله بن أبي بكر بن محمد بن عمرو بن حزم أن أم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم آمنة ، توفيت وهو ابن ست سنين ، بالأبواء بين مكة والمدينة كانت قد قدمت به على أخواله من بني عدي بن النجار تزيره إياهم فماتت وهي راجعة به إلى مكة .
Ibn Ishaq narrated from Abdullah bin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm: The mother of the Messenger of Allah shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, Aminah, died when he was six years old, at Abwa’ between Makkah and Madinah. She had taken him to visit her relatives from Banu Adi bin al-Najjar, and she died on her return journey to Makkah.
وذكر الواقدي بأسانيده أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم خرجت به أمه إلى المدينة ، ومعه أم أيمن ، وله ست سنين فزارت أخواله قالت أم أيمن : فجاءني ذات يوم رجلان من يهود المدينة فقالا لي : أخرجي إلينا أحمد ننظر إليه فنظرا إليه وقلباه فقال أحدهما لصاحبه : هذا نبي هذه الأمة ، وهذه دار هجرته ، وسيكون بها من القتل والسبي أمر عظيم فلما سمعت أمه خافت وانصرفت به فماتت بالأبواء وهي راجعة .
Al-Waqidi, through his chains, mentioned that the Prophet’s mother took him to Madinah along with Umm Ayman when he was six years old to visit her relatives. Umm Ayman said: One day two Jewish men from Madinah came to me and said: “Bring out Ahmad to us so we may see him.” They looked at him, examined his eyes and chest, then one of them said to the other: “This is the Prophet of this nation. This is the land of his migration. Here, there will be great killing and captivity.” When his mother heard this, she became afraid and returned. On the way back, she died at Abwa’.
وقال الإمام أحمد : حدثنا حسين بن محمد حدثنا أيوب بن جابر عن سماك عن القاسم بن عبد الرحمن عن ابن بريدة عن أبيه قال خرجنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حتى إذا كنا بودان قال : مكانكم حتى آتيكم فانطلق ثم جاءنا وهو سقيم فقال : إني أتيت قبر أم محمد فسألت ربي الشفاعة – يعني لها – فمنعنيها ، وإني كنت نهيتكم عن زيارة القبور فزوروها . ونهيتكم عن لحوم الأضاحي بعد ثلاثة أيام فكلوا وأمسكوا ما بدا لكم . ونهيتكم عن الأشربة في هذه الأوعية فاشربوا ما بدا لكم .
Imam Ahmad narrated: Husain bin Muhammad told us, Ayyub bin Jabir told us, from Simak, from al-Qasim bin Abdurrahman, from Ibn Buraidah, from his father, who said: We once went out with the Messenger of Allah shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam until, when we reached Waddan, he said: “Stay here until I return.” Then he went away, and came back looking sorrowful and said: “I went to the grave of Muhammad’s mother and I asked my Lord to grant her intercession, but He denied me. Indeed, I used to forbid you from visiting graves, but now visit them. And I forbade you from eating sacrificial meat beyond three days, but now eat and store as you wish. And I forbade you from drinking from certain vessels, but now drink from whichever vessels you like.”
وقد رواه البيهقي من طريق سفيان الثوري عن علقمة بن مرثد عن سليمان بن بريدة عن أبيه قال انتهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى رسم قبر فجلس وجلس الناس حوله كثير فجعل يحرك رأسه كالمخاطب ثم بكى فاستقبله عمر رضي الله عنه فقال : ما يبكيك يا رسول الله ؟ قال : هذا قبر آمنة بنت وهب استأذنت ربي في أن أزور قبرها فأذن لي ، واستأذنته في الاستغفار لها فأبى علي ، وأدركتني رقتها فبكيت قال : فما رأيت ساعة أكثر باكيا من تلك الساعة .
Al-Bayhaqi narrated through Sufyan al-Thawri, from Alqamah ibn Martsad, from Sulaiman ibn Buraidah, from his father: The Prophet shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam came to a grave and sat down, and many people sat around him. He began moving his head as if speaking, then he wept. Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhu approached and said: “What makes you weep, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “This is the grave of Aminah bint Wahb. I asked my Lord for permission to visit her grave, and He granted it. I asked Him for permission to seek forgiveness for her, but He refused. My compassion as a son toward his mother overcame me, so I wept.” Umar said: “I have never seen a time with more weeping than that moment.”
تابعه محارب بن دثار عن بريدة عن أبيه ، ثم روى البيهقي عن الحاكم عن الأصم عن بحر بن نصر عن عبد الله بن وهب حدثنا ابن جريج عن أيوب بن هانئ عن مسروق بن الأجدع عن عبد الله بن مسعود قال خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ينظر في المقابر وخرجنا معه فأمرنا فجلسنا ، ثم تخطى القبور حتى انتهى إلى قبر منها فناجاه طويلا ، ثم ارتفع نحيب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم باكيا فبكينا لبكاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ثم إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أقبل علينا فتلقاه عمر بن الخطاب فقال : يا رسول الله ما الذي أبكاك ؟ لقد أبكانا وأفزعنا فجاء فجلس إلينا فقال : أفزعكم بكائي ؟ قلنا : نعم قال : إن القبر الذي رأيتموني أناجي قبر آمنة بنت وهب ، وإني استأذنت ربي في زيارتها فأذن لي ، واستأذنت ربي في الاستغفار لها فلم يأذن لي فيه ، ونزل علي
It was also narrated by al-Bayhaqi from al-Hakim, from al-Asham, from Bahr ibn Nasr, from Abdullah ibn Wahb, from Ibn Jurayj, from Ayyub ibn Hani, from Masruq ibn al-Ajda’, from Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud. He said: The Messenger of Allah shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam went out to the graveyard, and we went out with him. He instructed us to sit, then he walked among the graves until he came to one of them and spoke to it for a long time. Then the sobbing of the Messenger of Allah shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam rose as he wept, and we wept because of his weeping. Then the Messenger of Allah came back to us, and Umar ibn al-Khattab met him and said: “O Messenger of Allah, what made you weep? You have made us weep and frightened us.” He then came and sat with us and said: “Did my weeping alarm you?” We said: “Yes.” He said: “The grave you saw me addressing is the grave of Aminah bint Wahb. I asked my Lord for permission to visit her, and He granted it. I asked Him for permission to seek forgiveness for her, but He did not grant it. Then there was revealed to me:
” ما كان للنبي والذين آمنوا أن يستغفروا للمشركين ولو كانوا أولي قربى من بعد ما تبين لهم أنهم أصحاب الجحيم وما كان استغفار إبراهيم لأبيه إلا عن موعدة وعدها إياه فلما تبين له أنه عدو لله تبرأ منه “
“It is not for the Prophet and those who believe to seek forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they be close relatives, after it has become clear that they are companions of the Fire. And the request of Ibrahim for forgiveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to him that his father was an enemy to Allah, he dissociated himself from him.” (QS. At-Tawbah: 113-114)
فأخذني ما يأخذ الولد للوالدة من الرقة فذلك الذي أبكاني غريب ، ولم يخرجوه .
The Prophet continued: “I was overcome with the tenderness of a child for his mother, and that is what made me weep.” This narration is ghareeb (uncommon) and not included in the two Sahihs.
وروى مسلم عن أبي بكر بن أبي شيبة عن محمد بن عبيد عن يزيد بن كيسان عن أبي حازم عن أبي هريرة قال زار النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قبر أمه فبكى وأبكى من حوله ، ثم قال : استأذنت ربي في زيارة قبر أمي فأذن لي ، واستأذنته في الاستغفار لها فلم يأذن لي فزوروا القبور تذكركم الموت
Imam Muslim narrated from Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah, from Muhammad ibn Ubayd, from Yazid ibn Kaysan, from Abu Hazim, from Abu Hurayrah radhiyallahu ‘anhu: The Prophet shalallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam visited his mother’s grave and wept, and he caused those around him to weep. Then he said: “I asked my Lord for permission to visit my mother’s grave, and He granted it. I asked Him for permission to seek forgiveness for her, but He did not grant it. So visit graves, for they remind you of death.”
Source: Mausu’ah Sirah Nabawiyah
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