Al-Lum’ah (Radiance) in Explaining Attributes of the Seven (5)



ضمن جولة في صحيح مسلم: اللمعة في بيان صفات السبعة

A Journey Through Sahih Muslim:

Al-Lum’ah (The Radiance) in Explaining the Attributes of the Seven (Part 5)

Translated by: Reza Ervani bin Asmanu

The article Al-Lum’ah (Radiance) in Explaining the Attributes of the Seven is included in the Hadith Explanation Category

والقول الثاني: إنه ظلٌّ يخلقه – تعالى – في ذلك اليوم، يظلل به من يستحق هذا الفضل:

The Second View: That it is a shade created by Allah Ta’ala on that day, to shade whoever deserves this virtue.

وهو اختيار الشيخ ابن عثيمين – رحمه الله – حيث قال: “لكن الله – عز وجل – يخلق شيئًا يظلل به من يشاء من عباده، يوم لا ظل إلا ظله، هذا هو معنى الحديث، ولا يجوز أن يكون له معنى سوى هذا”؛ (انظر: “شرح رياض الصالحين”، 1/735).

This is the choice of Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen—may Allah have mercy on him—where he said: “But Allah—Mighty and Sublime—creates something with which He shades whom He wills of His servants, on the day when there is no shade but His shade; this is the meaning of the hadith, and it is not permissible for it to have a meaning other than this.” (See: “Explanation of Riyadhus Shalihin”, 1/735).

وقال (في صفحة 783): “حتى الرواية التي وردت في ظل عرشه، فيها نظر؛ لأن المعروف أن العرش أكبر من السموات والأرض والشمس والقمر والنجوم… لو صح الحديث، لقلنا: ربما يكون طرف العرش مثلاً، والله – عز وجل – على كل شيء قدير، لكن هذه اللفظة في صحتها نظر، والصواب أنه ظل يخلقه الله في ذلك اليوم، إما من الغمام أو من غير ذلك، فالله أعلم به”،

He also said (on page 783): “Even the narration that mentions ‘the shade of His Throne’ has some scrutiny (fiihi nazhar); because what is commonly known is that the Throne is greater than the heavens, the earth, the sun, the moon, and the stars… If the hadith were authentic, we would say: perhaps it is the edge of the Throne for example, and Allah—Mighty and Sublime—is capable of all things. But the authenticity of this wording is under scrutiny, and the correct view is that it is a shade Allah creates on that day, whether from clouds or otherwise, and Allah knows best about it.”

وأيضًا ذكر نحو ذلك في صفحة (950) (انظر: “شرح رياض الصالحين”، في مجلدين، طبعة دار السلام)، وقال في “شرحه للعقيدة الواسطية” (ص497): “((لا ظل إلا ظله)): يعني: إلا الظل الذي يخلقه، وليس كما توهم بعض الناس أنه ظل ذات الرب – جل وعلا – فإن هذا باطل؛ لأنه يستلزم حينئذٍ أن تكون الشمس فوق الله – عز وجل”.

He also mentioned similar things on page (950) (See: “Explanation of Riyadhus Shalihin”, in two volumes, Darus Salam edition). He also said in his “Explanation of Al-Aqidah Al-Wasithiyyah” (p. 497): “((No shade but His shade)): meaning: except for the shade that He creates, and not as some people imagine that it is the shade of the Essence of the Lord—Jalla wa ‘Ala—for this is false; because it would then necessitate that the sun be above Allah—Mighty and Sublime.”

القول الثالث: إنه ظلٌّ اللهُ أعلمُ بكيفيته، يمر كما جاء في النصوص، ونثبته من غير تأويل وتفسير وتكييف له:

The Third View: That it is a shade whose nature (kaifiyah) Allah knows best, it passes as it came in the texts, and we affirm it without ta’wil (distorted interpretation), tafsir, or takyif (picturing the form).

وهو اختيار الشيخ ابن باز – رحمه الله – فقد سئل (في شريط “فتاوى متنوعة” – الطائف – منتصف الوجه الأول) بما هذا نصه: قال السائل: ذكر أحد العلماء عند حديثه عن ظل الله قوله: “الله – عز وجل – يخلق شيئًا يظلل به من شاء من عباده”, فهل يستقيم هذا المعنى؟

This is the choice of Sheikh Ibn Baz—may Allah have mercy on him. He was asked (in the tape “Miscellaneous Fatawa” – Taif – middle of the first side) with the following text: The questioner said: “One of the scholars mentioned when talking about the shade of Allah: ‘Allah—Mighty and Sublime—creates something with which He shades whom He wills of His servants,’ is this meaning correct?”

فأجاب: هذا من التأويل لا يجوز هذا من التأويل؛ بل يجب إمرار الحديث على ظاهره، ويقول الله أعلم بكيفيته، يظلهم الله بظله على الكيفية التي يعلمها – سبحانه وتعالى”.

He replied: “This is from ta’wil (distorted interpretation), this is not permissible from ta’wil; rather, the hadith must be passed upon its apparent meaning, and he should say Allah knows best its nature, Allah shades them with His shade in the manner that He—Glorified and Exalted—knows.”

وبيَّن في موضع آخر أنه لا حاجة لحمل المطلق على المقيد، وأن ظل الله – تعالى – ورد في أحاديث، وظل العرش في أحاديث أخرى.

He also explained in another place that there is no need to carry the absolute to the restricted, and that the shade of Allah Ta’ala is mentioned in some hadiths, while the shade of the Throne is mentioned in other hadiths.

هذا هو ملخص الكلام على هذه المسألة، وتقدم أن القول الأول هو قول جماعة من الأئمة المتقدمين، وأما حديث الباب فقد جاء تقييده بظل العرش، وهي رواية في “سنن سعيد بن منصور” من حديث سلمان – رضي الله عنه – بلفظ: ((سبعة يظلهم الله في ظل عرشه…)) وذكر الحديث،

This is the summary of the discussion on this issue. It was mentioned previously that the first view is the view of a group of earlier imams. As for the hadith in this chapter, it has appeared restricted to the shade of the Throne, which is a narration in “Sunan Sa’id bin Manshur” from the hadith of Salman—may Allah be pleased with him—with the wording: ((Seven whom Allah shades in the shade of His Throne…)) and he mentioned the hadith.

وهي رواية حسَّن إسنادَها ابنُ حجر (في “فتح الباري”، حديث660)، وجزم بها القرطبي (في “المفهم”، حديث 899)، وكذلك النووي (في “شرحه لمسلم”، حديث (1031))، واستشهد بها شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية (في “الفتاوى”، 17/25) ونسبها للصحيحين، واستدل بها ابن القيم (في “طريق الهجرتين”، 525)، وكذلك الشيخ السعدي في تفسيره وذكره لقصة يوسف ص (409) – رحم الله جميع علمائنا، وأثابهم على التماسهم للصواب، والله أعلم.

This is a narration whose chain was graded as “hasan” by Ibn Hajar (in “Fathul Bari”, hadith 660), was certain of (its authenticity) by Al-Qurtubi (in “Al-Mufhim”, hadith 899), as well as An-Nawawi (in “Explanation of Muslim”, hadith 1031), and was cited by Sheikhul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (in “Al-Fatawa”, 17/25) and attributed by him to the two Sahihs (Bukhari-Muslim), and was used as evidence by Ibn al-Qayyim (in “Thariq al-Hijratain”, 525), as well as Sheikh As-Sa’di in his tafsir when mentioning the story of Joseph p. (409)—may Allah have mercy on all our scholars and reward them for their pursuit of the truth, and Allah knows best.

Continued in the next part, In Sha Allah

Source: Alukah



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