ضمن جولة في صحيح مسلم: اللمعة في بيان صفات السبعة
A Journey Through Sahih Muslim:
Al-Lum’ah (The Radiance) in Explaining the Attributes of the Seven (Part 4)
Translated by: Reza Ervani bin Asmanu
The article Al-Lum’ah (Radiance) in Explaining the Attributes of the Seven is included in the Hadith Explanation Category
الثًا: معنى الظل:
Thirdly: The Meaning of the Shade (Az-Zhill):
اختلف أهل العلم في معنى الظل في قول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: ((يظلهم الله في ظله)) على أقوال، وقبل ذكر الأقوال، لا بد من معرفة أن الظل في الأحاديث جاء على ضربين:
Scholars have differed concerning the meaning of the shade in the statement of the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam: ((Allah will shade them in His shade)) into several views. Before mentioning these views, it must be known that the word ‘shade’ in the hadiths appears in two forms:
• تارة يأتي مضافًا إلى الله – تعالى.
Sometimes it appears attributed to Allah Ta’ala.
مثال ذلك: حديث أبي هريرة في شرحنا، وحديث أبي اليسر – رضي الله عنه – الذي تقدم في إنظار المعسر والتخفيف عنه، وحديث أبي هريرة – رضي الله عنه – أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: ((إن الله – تعالى – يقول يوم القيامة: أين المتحابون بجلالي؟ اليوم أظلهم في ظلي يوم لا ظل إلا ظلي))؛ رواه مسلم.
For example: The hadith of Abu Hurairah in our explanation, the hadith of Abu Al-Yasar radhiyallahu ‘anhu mentioned previously regarding giving respite to those in difficulty and lightening their burden, and the hadith of Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ‘anhu that the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam said: ((Indeed, Allah Ta’ala will say on the Day of Resurrection: ‘Where are those who loved each other for the sake of My Majesty? Today I will shade them in My shade on the day when there is no shade but My shade’)); narrated by Muslim.
• تارة يأتي مضافًا إلى العرش.
Sometimes it appears attributed to the Throne.
مثال ذلك: حديث معاذ بن جبل – رضي الله عنه – أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: ((المتحابون في الله في ظل العرش يوم لا ظل إلا ظله))؛ (رواه أحمد والحاكم وابن حبان وصححه، وأورده الألباني في “صحيح الجامع” (1937) بلفظ: ((إن المتحابين)).
For example: The hadith of Mu’adz bin Jabal radhiyallahu ‘anhu that the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam said: ((Those who love each other for the sake of Allah will be in the shade of the Throne on the day when there is no shade but His shade soul)); (Narrated by Ahmad, Al-Hakim, and Ibn Hibban who authenticated it, and cited by Al-Albani in “Sahih al-Jami'” (1937) with the wording: ((Indeed, those who love each other)).
وحديث أبي هريرة – رضي الله عنه – أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: ((من أنظر معسرًا أو وضع له، أظلَّه الله يوم القيامة تحت ظل عرشه يوم لا ظل إلا ظله))؛ رواه أحمد والترمذي وصححه.
And the hadith of Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ‘anhu that the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam said: ((Whoever gives respite to a person in difficulty or waives his debt, Allah will shade him on the Day of Resurrection under the shade of His Throne on the day when there is no shade but His shade)); narrated by Ahmad and Tirmidhi who authenticated it.
واختلف أهل العلم في معنى الظل على أقوال، أشهرها:
The scholars have differed concerning the meaning of the shade into several views, the most famous of which are:
القول الأول: إن المراد به ظل العرش:
The First View: That what is meant is the shade of the Throne.
وهذا قولٌ أُثِرَ عن جماعة من السلف – رحمهم الله – وقالوا: نحمل المطلَق في الأحاديث على المقيَّد، فكل حديث فيه إضافة الظل إلى الله – تعالى – فالمقصود به ما قيد في الأحاديث الأخرى بظل العرش.
This is a view reported from a group of the Salaf—may Allah have mercy on them—and they said: “We apply the absolute (unspecified) evidence in the hadiths to the restricted (specified) evidence.” Therefore, every hadith in which the shade is attributed to Allah Ta’ala, the intended meaning is what has been specified in other hadiths as the shade of the Throne.
وهذا القول هو اختيار الحافظ ابن منده (في كتاب “التوحيد” 3/190)، والطحاوي (في “مشكل الآثار” 15/73)، وابن عبدالبر (في “التمهيد” 2/ 282)، والبغوي (في “شرح السنة” 2/355)، وابن القيم (في أكثر من موضع، منها “طريق الهجرتين” ص525)، وابن رجب (في كتابه “فتح الباري” 6/51)، والسيوطي (في كتابه “تمهيد الفرش في الخصال الموجبة لظل العرش”) وغيرهم – رحمهم الله.
This view is the choice of Al-Hafiz Ibn Mandah (in the book “At-Tawhid” 3/190), At-Tahawi (in “Mushkil al-Athar” 15/73), Ibn Abdil Barr (in “At-Tamhid” 2/282), Al-Baghawi (in “Syarh al-Sunnah” 2/355), Ibn al-Qayyim (in several places, including “Thariq al-Hijratayn” p. 525), Ibn Rajab (in his book “Fathul Bari” 6/51), Al-Suyuti (in his book “Tamhid al-Frush fi al-Khisal al-Mujibah li-Zhill al-‘Arsy”), and others—may Allah have mercy on them.
Continued in the next part, In Sha Allah
Source: Alukah
Leave a Reply